Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 207 |
Joe Biden | 227 |
Jo Jorgensen | 183 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 27 |
Dan Crenshaw | 12 |
Justin Amash | 49 |
Amy Klobuchar | 11 |
Bernie Sanders | 161 |
Andrew Yang | 45 |
Elizabeth Warren | 31 |
John Kasich | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 30 |
Ted Cruz | 16 |
TOTAL: | 1044 |
The winner is Joe Biden with 21.7% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 301 |
Joe Biden | 409 |
Jo Jorgensen | 393 |
Howie Hawkins | 176 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 314 |
Dan Crenshaw | 136 |
Justin Amash | 298 |
Amy Klobuchar | 183 |
Bernie Sanders | 451 |
Andrew Yang | 439 |
Elizabeth Warren | 344 |
John Kasich | 135 |
Jeb Bush | 100 |
Rand Paul | 336 |
Ted Cruz | 205 |
Ballots Cast: | 1044 |
The winner is Bernie Sanders with 43.2% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 14 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 182 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Howie Hawkins | 39 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 79 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 206 |
Andrew Yang | 81 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 18 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 27 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 182 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Howie Hawkins | 39 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 207 |
Andrew Yang | 81 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 19 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 30 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 182 |
Joe Biden | 92 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Bernie Sanders | 208 |
Andrew Yang | 82 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 30 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 183 |
Joe Biden | 93 |
Jo Jorgensen | 163 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 29 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Bernie Sanders | 208 |
Andrew Yang | 83 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 44 |
Ted Cruz | 34 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 184 |
Joe Biden | 97 |
Jo Jorgensen | 163 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 33 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Bernie Sanders | 210 |
Andrew Yang | 85 |
Elizabeth Warren | 68 |
Rand Paul | 47 |
Ted Cruz | 35 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 186 |
Joe Biden | 101 |
Jo Jorgensen | 171 |
Howie Hawkins | 42 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 213 |
Andrew Yang | 89 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 50 |
Ted Cruz | 35 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 200 |
Joe Biden | 103 |
Jo Jorgensen | 174 |
Howie Hawkins | 43 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 214 |
Andrew Yang | 89 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 200 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 176 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 244 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 71 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 221 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 191 |
Justin Amash | 110 |
Bernie Sanders | 245 |
Andrew Yang | 96 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 221 |
Joe Biden | 126 |
Jo Jorgensen | 195 |
Justin Amash | 111 |
Bernie Sanders | 282 |
Andrew Yang | 109 |
Andrew Yang eliminated in this round.
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 225 |
Joe Biden | 147 |
Jo Jorgensen | 211 |
Justin Amash | 125 |
Bernie Sanders | 336 |
Justin Amash eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 234 |
Joe Biden | 155 |
Jo Jorgensen | 312 |
Bernie Sanders | 343 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Donald Trump | 241 |
Jo Jorgensen | 350 |
Bernie Sanders | 453 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 14:
Jo Jorgensen | 540 |
Bernie Sanders | 504 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 448 to 596 | 272 to 772 | 416 to 628 | 328 to 716 | 372 to 672 | 295 to 749 | 414 to 630 | 428 to 616 | 356 to 688 | 443 to 601 | 402 to 642 | 399 to 645 | 278 to 766 | 369 to 675 | |
Joe Biden | 6/8/0 | 596 to 448 | 457 to 587 | 518 to 526 | 447 to 597 | 558 to 486 | 504 to 540 | 545 to 499 | 423 to 621 | 321 to 723 | 458 to 586 | 550 to 494 | 562 to 482 | 521 to 523 | 573 to 471 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 772 to 272 | 587 to 457 | 677 to 367 | 590 to 454 | 734 to 310 | 636 to 408 | 623 to 421 | 540 to 504 | 519 to 525 | 580 to 464 | 713 to 331 | 749 to 295 | 710 to 334 | 759 to 285 | |
Howie Hawkins | 9/5/0 | 628 to 416 | 526 to 518 | 367 to 677 | 416 to 628 | 583 to 461 | 501 to 543 | 538 to 506 | 446 to 598 | 373 to 671 | 535 to 509 | 558 to 486 | 587 to 457 | 532 to 512 | 606 to 438 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 12/1/1 | 716 to 328 | 597 to 447 | 454 to 590 | 628 to 416 | 727 to 317 | 617 to 427 | 702 to 342 | 539 to 505 | 522 to 522 | 615 to 429 | 749 to 295 | 760 to 284 | 623 to 421 | 714 to 330 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 4/10/0 | 672 to 372 | 486 to 558 | 310 to 734 | 461 to 583 | 317 to 727 | 422 to 622 | 511 to 533 | 441 to 603 | 391 to 653 | 503 to 541 | 553 to 491 | 585 to 459 | 472 to 572 | 628 to 416 | |
Justin Amash | 10/4/0 | 749 to 295 | 540 to 504 | 408 to 636 | 543 to 501 | 427 to 617 | 622 to 422 | 573 to 471 | 505 to 539 | 478 to 566 | 544 to 500 | 691 to 353 | 734 to 310 | 678 to 366 | 753 to 291 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 630 to 414 | 499 to 545 | 421 to 623 | 506 to 538 | 342 to 702 | 533 to 511 | 471 to 573 | 458 to 586 | 338 to 706 | 521 to 523 | 639 to 405 | 644 to 400 | 557 to 487 | 632 to 412 | |
Bernie Sanders | 11/3/0 | 616 to 428 | 621 to 423 | 504 to 540 | 598 to 446 | 505 to 539 | 603 to 441 | 539 to 505 | 586 to 458 | 477 to 567 | 620 to 424 | 636 to 408 | 637 to 407 | 581 to 463 | 626 to 418 | |
Andrew Yang | 13/0/1 | 688 to 356 | 723 to 321 | 525 to 519 | 671 to 373 | 522 to 522 | 653 to 391 | 566 to 478 | 706 to 338 | 567 to 477 | 702 to 342 | 764 to 280 | 759 to 285 | 641 to 403 | 708 to 336 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 8/6/0 | 601 to 443 | 586 to 458 | 464 to 580 | 509 to 535 | 429 to 615 | 541 to 503 | 500 to 544 | 523 to 521 | 424 to 620 | 342 to 702 | 598 to 446 | 619 to 425 | 552 to 492 | 608 to 436 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 642 to 402 | 494 to 550 | 331 to 713 | 486 to 558 | 295 to 749 | 491 to 553 | 353 to 691 | 405 to 639 | 408 to 636 | 280 to 764 | 446 to 598 | 665 to 379 | 528 to 516 | 658 to 386 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 645 to 399 | 482 to 562 | 295 to 749 | 457 to 587 | 284 to 760 | 459 to 585 | 310 to 734 | 400 to 644 | 407 to 637 | 285 to 759 | 425 to 619 | 379 to 665 | 465 to 579 | 631 to 413 | |
Rand Paul | 5/9/0 | 766 to 278 | 523 to 521 | 334 to 710 | 512 to 532 | 421 to 623 | 572 to 472 | 366 to 678 | 487 to 557 | 463 to 581 | 403 to 641 | 492 to 552 | 516 to 528 | 579 to 465 | 784 to 260 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 675 to 369 | 471 to 573 | 285 to 759 | 438 to 606 | 330 to 714 | 416 to 628 | 291 to 753 | 412 to 632 | 418 to 626 | 336 to 708 | 436 to 608 | 386 to 658 | 413 to 631 | 260 to 784 |
We have a tie! No candidate won every head to head contest.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 3037 | 2.9 |
Joe Biden | 3622 | 3.5 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4432 | 4.2 |
Howie Hawkins | 2718 | 2.6 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3833 | 3.7 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2493 | 2.4 |
Justin Amash | 3799 | 3.6 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2800 | 2.7 |
Bernie Sanders | 4713 | 4.5 |
Andrew Yang | 4793 | 4.6 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3807 | 3.6 |
John Kasich | 2368 | 2.3 |
Jeb Bush | 2170 | 2.1 |
Rand Paul | 3743 | 3.6 |
Ted Cruz | 2697 | 2.6 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 3037 |
Joe Biden | 3622 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4432 |
Howie Hawkins | 2718 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3833 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2493 |
Justin Amash | 3799 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2800 |
Bernie Sanders | 4713 |
Andrew Yang | 4793 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3807 |
John Kasich | 2368 |
Jeb Bush | 2170 |
Rand Paul | 3743 |
Ted Cruz | 2697 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Andrew Yang | 680 |
Bernie Sanders | 655 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 1/13/0 | 382 to 531 | 251 to 624 | 391 to 433 | 297 to 547 | 315 to 327 | 275 to 543 | 386 to 466 | 385 to 560 | 320 to 628 | 402 to 504 | 377 to 392 | 371 to 384 | 233 to 482 | 292 to 281 | |
Joe Biden | 9/5/0 | 531 to 382 | 443 to 466 | 462 to 318 | 391 to 497 | 530 to 326 | 464 to 395 | 427 to 226 | 244 to 460 | 237 to 557 | 292 to 364 | 494 to 260 | 518 to 259 | 491 to 455 | 533 to 361 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 624 to 251 | 466 to 443 | 503 to 222 | 432 to 359 | 563 to 179 | 381 to 275 | 482 to 327 | 420 to 495 | 363 to 497 | 458 to 427 | 534 to 235 | 566 to 215 | 487 to 261 | 608 to 200 | |
Howie Hawkins | 5/9/0 | 433 to 391 | 318 to 462 | 222 to 503 | 214 to 508 | 351 to 313 | 260 to 424 | 302 to 351 | 197 to 512 | 177 to 578 | 271 to 395 | 332 to 323 | 364 to 329 | 319 to 455 | 396 to 367 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 11/3/0 | 547 to 297 | 497 to 391 | 359 to 432 | 508 to 214 | 510 to 201 | 385 to 350 | 489 to 259 | 402 to 475 | 337 to 471 | 443 to 384 | 521 to 197 | 549 to 201 | 411 to 347 | 535 to 263 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 2/12/0 | 327 to 315 | 326 to 530 | 179 to 563 | 313 to 351 | 201 to 510 | 181 to 442 | 293 to 400 | 310 to 560 | 244 to 594 | 327 to 478 | 294 to 316 | 309 to 321 | 191 to 427 | 295 to 265 | |
Justin Amash | 8/6/0 | 543 to 275 | 395 to 464 | 275 to 381 | 424 to 260 | 350 to 385 | 442 to 181 | 378 to 348 | 371 to 508 | 316 to 510 | 382 to 446 | 420 to 229 | 468 to 223 | 398 to 273 | 507 to 219 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 466 to 386 | 226 to 427 | 327 to 482 | 351 to 302 | 259 to 489 | 400 to 293 | 348 to 378 | 213 to 515 | 159 to 593 | 223 to 407 | 366 to 235 | 414 to 260 | 374 to 452 | 441 to 354 | |
Bernie Sanders | 13/1/0 | 560 to 385 | 460 to 244 | 495 to 420 | 512 to 197 | 475 to 402 | 560 to 310 | 508 to 371 | 515 to 213 | 364 to 389 | 429 to 182 | 541 to 250 | 562 to 261 | 514 to 428 | 566 to 352 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 628 to 320 | 557 to 237 | 497 to 363 | 578 to 177 | 471 to 337 | 594 to 244 | 510 to 316 | 593 to 159 | 389 to 364 | 482 to 244 | 617 to 174 | 635 to 188 | 516 to 364 | 603 to 291 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 10/4/0 | 504 to 402 | 364 to 292 | 427 to 458 | 395 to 271 | 384 to 443 | 478 to 327 | 446 to 382 | 407 to 223 | 182 to 429 | 244 to 482 | 449 to 239 | 477 to 275 | 456 to 448 | 494 to 376 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 392 to 377 | 260 to 494 | 235 to 534 | 323 to 332 | 197 to 521 | 316 to 294 | 229 to 420 | 235 to 366 | 250 to 541 | 174 to 617 | 239 to 449 | 297 to 204 | 279 to 429 | 358 to 321 | |
Jeb Bush | 3/11/0 | 384 to 371 | 259 to 518 | 215 to 566 | 329 to 364 | 201 to 549 | 321 to 309 | 223 to 468 | 260 to 414 | 261 to 562 | 188 to 635 | 275 to 477 | 204 to 297 | 226 to 437 | 325 to 316 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 482 to 233 | 455 to 491 | 261 to 487 | 455 to 319 | 347 to 411 | 427 to 191 | 273 to 398 | 452 to 374 | 428 to 514 | 364 to 516 | 448 to 456 | 429 to 279 | 437 to 226 | 451 to 140 | |
Ted Cruz | 0/14/0 | 281 to 292 | 361 to 533 | 200 to 608 | 367 to 396 | 263 to 535 | 265 to 295 | 219 to 507 | 354 to 441 | 352 to 566 | 291 to 603 | 376 to 494 | 321 to 358 | 316 to 325 | 140 to 451 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 5780 | 36.91% |
1 | 1213 | 7.75% |
2 | 1031 | 6.58% |
3 | 1138 | 7.27% |
4 | 1032 | 6.59% |
5 | 1232 | 7.87% |
6 | 859 | 5.49% |
7 | 868 | 5.54% |
8 | 809 | 5.17% |
9 | 634 | 4.05% |
10 | 1064 | 6.79% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 542 | 46 | 43 | 55 | 37 | 48 | 39 | 40 | 36 | 30 | 128 |
Joe Biden | 348 | 78 | 59 | 70 | 84 | 84 | 78 | 93 | 64 | 31 | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 261 | 84 | 76 | 93 | 68 | 91 | 42 | 59 | 55 | 65 | 150 |
Howie Hawkins | 448 | 98 | 73 | 76 | 71 | 83 | 47 | 38 | 39 | 23 | 48 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 270 | 65 | 75 | 101 | 100 | 121 | 100 | 91 | 52 | 33 | 36 |
Dan Crenshaw | 470 | 97 | 81 | 78 | 59 | 82 | 43 | 48 | 39 | 22 | 25 |
Justin Amash | 357 | 81 | 68 | 77 | 59 | 89 | 43 | 41 | 53 | 59 | 117 |
Amy Klobuchar | 408 | 77 | 72 | 104 | 84 | 102 | 70 | 59 | 38 | 16 | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 333 | 55 | 58 | 49 | 47 | 45 | 41 | 60 | 79 | 86 | 191 |
Andrew Yang | 228 | 60 | 62 | 70 | 75 | 100 | 87 | 93 | 95 | 74 | 100 |
Elizabeth Warren | 392 | 73 | 60 | 42 | 60 | 50 | 63 | 59 | 82 | 79 | 84 |
John Kasich | 454 | 81 | 82 | 98 | 92 | 109 | 55 | 32 | 20 | 8 | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 432 | 124 | 97 | 117 | 92 | 84 | 37 | 27 | 15 | 8 | 11 |
Rand Paul | 349 | 94 | 64 | 64 | 51 | 71 | 72 | 78 | 79 | 60 | 62 |
Ted Cruz | 488 | 100 | 61 | 44 | 53 | 73 | 42 | 50 | 63 | 40 | 30 |
Number of bullet votes: 25 (2.39%).
Number of "approval" votes: 14 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.