Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 142 |
Joe Biden | 175 |
Jo Jorgensen | 153 |
Howie Hawkins | 16 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 18 |
Dan Crenshaw | 8 |
Justin Amash | 37 |
Amy Klobuchar | 5 |
Bernie Sanders | 98 |
Andrew Yang | 33 |
Elizabeth Warren | 21 |
John Kasich | 8 |
Jeb Bush | 4 |
Rand Paul | 22 |
Ted Cruz | 8 |
TOTAL: | 748 |
The winner is Joe Biden with 23.4% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 205 |
Joe Biden | 286 |
Jo Jorgensen | 319 |
Howie Hawkins | 120 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 230 |
Dan Crenshaw | 105 |
Justin Amash | 241 |
Amy Klobuchar | 128 |
Bernie Sanders | 311 |
Andrew Yang | 333 |
Elizabeth Warren | 254 |
John Kasich | 92 |
Jeb Bush | 59 |
Rand Paul | 263 |
Ted Cruz | 148 |
Ballots Cast: | 748 |
The winner is Andrew Yang with 44.5% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 14 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 52 |
Jo Jorgensen | 130 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 64 |
Amy Klobuchar | 8 |
Bernie Sanders | 141 |
Andrew Yang | 62 |
Elizabeth Warren | 50 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Jeb Bush | 4 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 18 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 52 |
Jo Jorgensen | 130 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Amy Klobuchar | 8 |
Bernie Sanders | 142 |
Andrew Yang | 62 |
Elizabeth Warren | 50 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 20 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 131 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Bernie Sanders | 143 |
Andrew Yang | 63 |
Elizabeth Warren | 51 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 20 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 135 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 18 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Bernie Sanders | 143 |
Andrew Yang | 64 |
Elizabeth Warren | 51 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 35 |
Ted Cruz | 23 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 56 |
Jo Jorgensen | 135 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 20 |
Justin Amash | 66 |
Bernie Sanders | 144 |
Andrew Yang | 66 |
Elizabeth Warren | 52 |
Rand Paul | 38 |
Ted Cruz | 24 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 121 |
Joe Biden | 56 |
Jo Jorgensen | 143 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 145 |
Andrew Yang | 70 |
Elizabeth Warren | 53 |
Rand Paul | 40 |
Ted Cruz | 24 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 129 |
Joe Biden | 58 |
Jo Jorgensen | 146 |
Howie Hawkins | 27 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 146 |
Andrew Yang | 70 |
Elizabeth Warren | 53 |
Rand Paul | 49 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 129 |
Joe Biden | 60 |
Jo Jorgensen | 146 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 167 |
Andrew Yang | 73 |
Elizabeth Warren | 54 |
Rand Paul | 49 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 148 |
Joe Biden | 60 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Justin Amash | 85 |
Bernie Sanders | 168 |
Andrew Yang | 75 |
Elizabeth Warren | 54 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 148 |
Joe Biden | 73 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Justin Amash | 86 |
Bernie Sanders | 198 |
Andrew Yang | 84 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 150 |
Jo Jorgensen | 169 |
Justin Amash | 89 |
Bernie Sanders | 231 |
Andrew Yang | 109 |
Justin Amash eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 153 |
Jo Jorgensen | 243 |
Bernie Sanders | 234 |
Andrew Yang | 118 |
Andrew Yang eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Donald Trump | 157 |
Jo Jorgensen | 272 |
Bernie Sanders | 319 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 14:
Jo Jorgensen | 397 |
Bernie Sanders | 351 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 324 to 424 | 172 to 576 | 295 to 453 | 229 to 519 | 252 to 496 | 189 to 559 | 290 to 458 | 312 to 436 | 250 to 498 | 313 to 435 | 275 to 473 | 273 to 475 | 166 to 582 | 237 to 511 | |
Joe Biden | 7/7/0 | 424 to 324 | 313 to 435 | 381 to 367 | 310 to 438 | 386 to 362 | 340 to 408 | 387 to 361 | 307 to 441 | 200 to 548 | 314 to 434 | 386 to 362 | 391 to 357 | 355 to 393 | 388 to 360 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 576 to 172 | 435 to 313 | 506 to 242 | 433 to 315 | 536 to 212 | 450 to 298 | 449 to 299 | 397 to 351 | 368 to 380 | 414 to 334 | 516 to 232 | 541 to 207 | 511 to 237 | 554 to 194 | |
Howie Hawkins | 4/9/1 | 453 to 295 | 367 to 381 | 242 to 506 | 279 to 469 | 394 to 354 | 324 to 424 | 357 to 391 | 313 to 435 | 233 to 515 | 360 to 388 | 374 to 374 | 392 to 356 | 355 to 393 | 417 to 331 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 12/2/0 | 519 to 229 | 438 to 310 | 315 to 433 | 469 to 279 | 514 to 234 | 412 to 336 | 499 to 249 | 393 to 355 | 360 to 388 | 433 to 315 | 527 to 221 | 535 to 213 | 421 to 327 | 506 to 242 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 4/10/0 | 496 to 252 | 362 to 386 | 212 to 536 | 354 to 394 | 234 to 514 | 287 to 461 | 366 to 382 | 327 to 421 | 273 to 475 | 360 to 388 | 396 to 352 | 424 to 324 | 315 to 433 | 442 to 306 | |
Justin Amash | 11/3/0 | 559 to 189 | 408 to 340 | 298 to 450 | 424 to 324 | 336 to 412 | 461 to 287 | 419 to 329 | 378 to 370 | 338 to 410 | 395 to 353 | 496 to 252 | 530 to 218 | 484 to 264 | 550 to 198 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 7/7/0 | 458 to 290 | 361 to 387 | 299 to 449 | 391 to 357 | 249 to 499 | 382 to 366 | 329 to 419 | 331 to 417 | 211 to 537 | 369 to 379 | 450 to 298 | 451 to 297 | 377 to 371 | 441 to 307 | |
Bernie Sanders | 10/4/0 | 436 to 312 | 441 to 307 | 351 to 397 | 435 to 313 | 355 to 393 | 421 to 327 | 370 to 378 | 417 to 331 | 311 to 437 | 415 to 333 | 437 to 311 | 436 to 312 | 389 to 359 | 433 to 315 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 498 to 250 | 548 to 200 | 380 to 368 | 515 to 233 | 388 to 360 | 475 to 273 | 410 to 338 | 537 to 211 | 437 to 311 | 518 to 230 | 558 to 190 | 542 to 206 | 438 to 310 | 498 to 250 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 9/5/0 | 435 to 313 | 434 to 314 | 334 to 414 | 388 to 360 | 315 to 433 | 388 to 360 | 353 to 395 | 379 to 369 | 333 to 415 | 230 to 518 | 420 to 328 | 430 to 318 | 377 to 371 | 425 to 323 | |
John Kasich | 3/10/1 | 473 to 275 | 362 to 386 | 232 to 516 | 374 to 374 | 221 to 527 | 352 to 396 | 252 to 496 | 298 to 450 | 311 to 437 | 190 to 558 | 328 to 420 | 462 to 286 | 357 to 391 | 464 to 284 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 475 to 273 | 357 to 391 | 207 to 541 | 356 to 392 | 213 to 535 | 324 to 424 | 218 to 530 | 297 to 451 | 312 to 436 | 206 to 542 | 318 to 430 | 286 to 462 | 315 to 433 | 436 to 312 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 582 to 166 | 393 to 355 | 237 to 511 | 393 to 355 | 327 to 421 | 433 to 315 | 264 to 484 | 371 to 377 | 359 to 389 | 310 to 438 | 371 to 377 | 391 to 357 | 433 to 315 | 577 to 171 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 511 to 237 | 360 to 388 | 194 to 554 | 331 to 417 | 242 to 506 | 306 to 442 | 198 to 550 | 307 to 441 | 315 to 433 | 250 to 498 | 323 to 425 | 284 to 464 | 312 to 436 | 171 to 577 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 2078 | 2.8 |
Joe Biden | 2541 | 3.4 |
Jo Jorgensen | 3353 | 4.5 |
Howie Hawkins | 1792 | 2.4 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 2679 | 3.6 |
Dan Crenshaw | 1762 | 2.4 |
Justin Amash | 2857 | 3.8 |
Amy Klobuchar | 1869 | 2.5 |
Bernie Sanders | 3279 | 4.4 |
Andrew Yang | 3562 | 4.8 |
Elizabeth Warren | 2804 | 3.7 |
John Kasich | 1591 | 2.1 |
Jeb Bush | 1447 | 1.9 |
Rand Paul | 2784 | 3.7 |
Ted Cruz | 1966 | 2.6 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 2078 |
Joe Biden | 2541 |
Jo Jorgensen | 3353 |
Howie Hawkins | 1792 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 2679 |
Dan Crenshaw | 1762 |
Justin Amash | 2857 |
Amy Klobuchar | 1869 |
Bernie Sanders | 3279 |
Andrew Yang | 3562 |
Elizabeth Warren | 2804 |
John Kasich | 1591 |
Jeb Bush | 1447 |
Rand Paul | 2784 |
Ted Cruz | 1966 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Andrew Yang | 473 |
Jo Jorgensen | 384 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 271 to 372 | 156 to 468 | 271 to 299 | 208 to 388 | 206 to 229 | 173 to 401 | 272 to 323 | 276 to 395 | 222 to 459 | 283 to 364 | 262 to 281 | 261 to 266 | 144 to 362 | 185 to 213 | |
Joe Biden | 8/6/0 | 372 to 271 | 300 to 357 | 338 to 219 | 281 to 363 | 375 to 242 | 320 to 304 | 311 to 143 | 165 to 314 | 145 to 421 | 185 to 268 | 351 to 173 | 367 to 182 | 342 to 346 | 363 to 271 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 468 to 156 | 357 to 300 | 390 to 141 | 342 to 241 | 428 to 116 | 285 to 187 | 375 to 218 | 324 to 334 | 275 to 364 | 339 to 308 | 410 to 159 | 430 to 138 | 369 to 177 | 450 to 135 | |
Howie Hawkins | 3/11/0 | 299 to 271 | 219 to 338 | 141 to 390 | 145 to 376 | 237 to 235 | 169 to 330 | 208 to 247 | 145 to 346 | 107 to 444 | 180 to 295 | 226 to 234 | 246 to 241 | 207 to 347 | 260 to 277 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 10/4/0 | 388 to 208 | 363 to 281 | 241 to 342 | 376 to 145 | 365 to 156 | 269 to 276 | 361 to 178 | 300 to 325 | 234 to 357 | 317 to 290 | 376 to 145 | 389 to 146 | 273 to 272 | 369 to 197 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 2/12/0 | 229 to 206 | 242 to 375 | 116 to 428 | 235 to 237 | 156 to 365 | 122 to 334 | 211 to 277 | 234 to 384 | 176 to 438 | 235 to 347 | 215 to 225 | 230 to 218 | 124 to 326 | 196 to 200 | |
Justin Amash | 9/5/0 | 401 to 173 | 304 to 320 | 187 to 285 | 330 to 169 | 276 to 269 | 334 to 122 | 296 to 234 | 287 to 347 | 238 to 371 | 290 to 325 | 320 to 156 | 353 to 140 | 295 to 193 | 371 to 148 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 323 to 272 | 143 to 311 | 218 to 375 | 247 to 208 | 178 to 361 | 277 to 211 | 234 to 296 | 145 to 355 | 91 to 453 | 137 to 316 | 254 to 165 | 282 to 184 | 256 to 352 | 294 to 265 | |
Bernie Sanders | 13/1/0 | 395 to 276 | 314 to 165 | 334 to 324 | 346 to 145 | 325 to 300 | 384 to 234 | 347 to 287 | 355 to 145 | 235 to 301 | 271 to 138 | 370 to 172 | 389 to 187 | 352 to 327 | 390 to 265 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 459 to 222 | 421 to 145 | 364 to 275 | 444 to 107 | 357 to 234 | 438 to 176 | 371 to 238 | 453 to 91 | 301 to 235 | 358 to 162 | 460 to 108 | 468 to 121 | 373 to 275 | 433 to 216 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 9/5/0 | 364 to 283 | 268 to 185 | 308 to 339 | 295 to 180 | 290 to 317 | 347 to 235 | 325 to 290 | 316 to 137 | 138 to 271 | 162 to 358 | 328 to 158 | 346 to 185 | 328 to 338 | 352 to 272 | |
John Kasich | 5/9/0 | 281 to 262 | 173 to 351 | 159 to 410 | 234 to 226 | 145 to 376 | 225 to 215 | 156 to 320 | 165 to 254 | 172 to 370 | 108 to 460 | 158 to 328 | 206 to 138 | 194 to 330 | 243 to 239 | |
Jeb Bush | 1/13/0 | 266 to 261 | 182 to 367 | 138 to 430 | 241 to 246 | 146 to 389 | 218 to 230 | 140 to 353 | 184 to 282 | 187 to 389 | 121 to 468 | 185 to 346 | 138 to 206 | 145 to 340 | 208 to 237 | |
Rand Paul | 9/5/0 | 362 to 144 | 346 to 342 | 177 to 369 | 347 to 207 | 272 to 273 | 326 to 124 | 193 to 295 | 352 to 256 | 327 to 352 | 275 to 373 | 338 to 328 | 330 to 194 | 340 to 145 | 330 to 92 | |
Ted Cruz | 4/10/0 | 213 to 185 | 271 to 363 | 135 to 450 | 277 to 260 | 197 to 369 | 200 to 196 | 148 to 371 | 265 to 294 | 265 to 390 | 216 to 433 | 272 to 352 | 239 to 243 | 237 to 208 | 92 to 330 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 4349 | 38.76% |
1 | 830 | 7.40% |
2 | 726 | 6.47% |
3 | 732 | 6.52% |
4 | 662 | 5.90% |
5 | 809 | 7.21% |
6 | 594 | 5.29% |
7 | 632 | 5.63% |
8 | 589 | 5.25% |
9 | 477 | 4.25% |
10 | 820 | 7.31% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 413 | 28 | 20 | 35 | 27 | 36 | 30 | 31 | 23 | 14 | 91 |
Joe Biden | 258 | 57 | 44 | 49 | 55 | 62 | 49 | 71 | 43 | 16 | 44 |
Jo Jorgensen | 192 | 54 | 50 | 56 | 41 | 53 | 36 | 48 | 37 | 56 | 125 |
Howie Hawkins | 346 | 70 | 58 | 50 | 43 | 56 | 28 | 25 | 21 | 17 | 34 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 203 | 47 | 55 | 72 | 67 | 88 | 66 | 65 | 41 | 21 | 23 |
Dan Crenshaw | 349 | 68 | 55 | 50 | 40 | 53 | 34 | 37 | 29 | 16 | 17 |
Justin Amash | 259 | 55 | 46 | 49 | 38 | 48 | 30 | 34 | 43 | 51 | 95 |
Amy Klobuchar | 318 | 55 | 56 | 67 | 55 | 66 | 45 | 36 | 30 | 11 | 9 |
Bernie Sanders | 270 | 36 | 40 | 25 | 26 | 30 | 24 | 37 | 51 | 67 | 142 |
Andrew Yang | 164 | 42 | 39 | 49 | 48 | 61 | 58 | 73 | 71 | 59 | 84 |
Elizabeth Warren | 294 | 43 | 43 | 25 | 37 | 32 | 39 | 36 | 60 | 64 | 75 |
John Kasich | 345 | 58 | 63 | 61 | 58 | 75 | 41 | 23 | 13 | 4 | 7 |
Jeb Bush | 331 | 86 | 72 | 80 | 58 | 57 | 26 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 7 |
Rand Paul | 250 | 63 | 48 | 37 | 33 | 42 | 54 | 61 | 67 | 45 | 48 |
Ted Cruz | 357 | 68 | 37 | 27 | 36 | 50 | 34 | 39 | 47 | 34 | 19 |
Number of bullet votes: 17 (2.27%).
Number of "approval" votes: 9 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.